Spindle for spinning and doubling frames for wool



Oct. 8, 1940. KOWARIQK 2,217,371

SPINDLE FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING FRAMES FOR WOOL Filed July 6, 1938Patented Oct. 8, 1940 U T E 1 Claim.

This invention relates to machines for spinning and doubling Wool yarnsin general and has its object to present a spindle capable of operatingat very high speeds without damaging in any way the wool fibres whichhave, as is known, limited natural resistance.

Modern textile machinery has reached such a degree of perfection that itmight appear impossible further to improve them, however, it is truethat they are still deficient in the important point which lies in theconstruction of their spindles which can only rotate at high speeds bysacrificing completely the textile fibres which are being spun.Undoubtedly every means of improving the present day spindle has beeninvestigated, however, it would appear that never has the necessaryattention been given to a point of capital importance in spinning-thenatural resistance of the textile fibres.

It is well known that the fibres have to withstand a severe tensilestrain during the spinning process and this strain becomes greater asthe speed of the spindle increases, no matter what type of spindle beused. On the other hand it is also known that up to the present no meanshas yet been discovered of increasing the tensile strength of thefibres. In these circumstances, in order to take advantage of highspindle speeds it is necessary to reduce the tension to which the fibresare subjected during the spinning process.

The solution to this problem has been sought by many of those whounderstand the subject, with relatively satisfactory results, always,however, with only partial success. Results which gave satisfactionhave, in fact, been obtained, but only for cotton fibre. For wool fibre,no one up to the present has succeeded in constructing a high speedspindle which is at the same time efiicient, safe and practical.

The present invention finally solves this problem which has hithertobeen unsolved. Having in view the impossibility of increasing by directmeans the intrinsic tensile strength of wool fibres I have succeeded ingetting around the difilculty by constructing a special spindle whichfulfils all the requisites, capable of being used efiiciently with anyquality of wool and in the manufacture of any and every type of worstedyarns, be they of soft twist for hosiery or of hard twist for weavingetc. and for every usual counts of yarn. It should be noted that withthe spindle of this invention the speeds attained in practice exceed thelimits hitherto considered feasible.

The invention is illustrated by the attached drawing, in which- Figure 1shows in conjunction the spindle in accordance with this invention fromwhich it can be seen that this spindle belongs to the basic system ofring spinning and is driven in the usual manner by means of a band ortape;

Figure 2 shows in enlarged scale and partly in section the essentialdetails of the conjunction of Figure 1; and

Figure 3 is a horizontal section taken on the line 33 of Figure 2.

As can readily be seen by the drawing the novelty which especiallycharacterises this spindle, distinguishing it from all known spindles ofits class and rendering it capable of working at high speeds in spite ofthe limited natural tensile strength of the wood fibre is the terminaltip A fixed immovably at the top extremity of the. spindle and havingadequate grooves a.

I refer especially to spherical tips, as these are the most adequate forgeneral use; without, however, excluding other shapes which have alsobeen tried out with success, such as oval, conical, elliptic orsemi-oval, semi-conical or semi-elliptic or other similar shapes.

The action of this terminal tip A during the function of spinning framesis as fol1ows:the yarn F after it leaves the drafting arrangement passesas usual through a thread guide lappet B and thence to a traveller Cwhich runs on the ring D. After passing through the thread guide lappetB the yarn enters into contact with the tip A where it is caught by thegroove a and is then drawn by these grooves in such a way as to descendby part of the spindle forming spiral loops as indicated by the dottedlines shown in the Figures 1 and 2.

The formation of these spiral loops is due not only to inertia of theyarn F and of the traveller C but also to the resistance opposed by theair and by the surface of the ring D which retard the free rotation.

Another important and novel characteristic of this spindle is that byits use I can dispense with the necessity for automatic speed regulatingdevices due to the fact that it almost completely eliminates the tensionof the material being spun which thus can withstand the critical pointswithout change of speed.

It is evident that with this invention I reduce or almost eliminate theballoon which in known systems of ring spinning is formed between thethread guide lappet B and the traveller C, thus I obtain a considerablereduction in the tension on the yarn, making possible an extraordinaryPATENT; 1-

I OH. SPINNING'AND DOUBLING- FRAIWES FOR WOOL increase in speed andpermitting the use of much lighter travellers than is usual.

Still another advantage of the invention is in that it permits thereduction in the tension of the yarn between the tip of the spindle Aand the drafting rollers, it being noted that this reductiondependent onthe spiral loops which in their turn depend upon the tip'is adjustablewithin certain limits by the variation'of the posi-' tion of the threadguide B in its relation to the tip A.

The advantages specified above are-a1-so" applicable to twistingmachines.

Having now particularly described the nature of my said invention and'the-mannervin which the same is to be performed, I claim as my inven-'tion:

A spindle for ring spinning, doubling, and twisting machines of thecharacter in which the yarn is laid helically around the spindle betweenALBERTO" FREDERICO KOWARICK.

